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3. Culturally Historical Wandering around Slaný

Slaný – Hrdlív – Třebichovice – Saky – Netovice – Slaný

The track begins at the Information Centre in the Masarykovo náměstí Square (the former Piaristic College house, No. 159). From here, we will set off along the Masnokrámská street on to the Komenského náměstí Square, and the Fortenská street will take us to the Záfortenská street. The Smečenská Street will take us out of the town, all the way to the crossroads leading to Hrdlív.

BOŽÍ HROB
Before we get there, however, we can take a little turn to the Holy Sepulchre Chapel. We can get there on an asphalt road which leads slightly uphill opposite the bus stop in the Smečenská Street. We will walk among gardens and at the end, by the cross, we will turn right, and rising slightly on a forest path, we will arrive to the Chapel. The Holy Sepulchre Chapel is located on a hill in the southern part of the town. This imitation of the sanctuary in Jerusalem was built by count Bernard Ignác of Martinice in 1665, after he returned from Jerusalem. The original chapel is still standing in Jerusalem today, and it is squeezed in a built-up area in the city centre. The fact that it has been an objective of pilgrims since time immemorial can be documented not only on old reports from their journeys, but also on minor works of art. We can see the images of the Holy Sepulchre on reliefs, on ivory boards, or as decorations on vials which served the purpose of carrying consecrated oils, wine, and water back home. The actual architecture has undergone a number of changes; it was close to destruction several times, and then modified fundamentally. The engraving created by Erhard Reuwich in 1483 is well known, depicting the chapel in Early-Medieval form, which was retained untill the fire in 1808, after which it was pulled down and built anew. The chapel in Slaný is formed by a polygonal core, and its front is structured by a blind arcade carried by columns of several types. The actual part is overbuilt by a polygonal-platform arbour with a bellcast roof. When we enter, we find ourselves in the so called angels´ chapel, where there is a blockstone on the floor, symbolizing the stone rolled away in front of Christ´s grave. Behind, there is the entrance to the tomb itself, where there is a range on the Northern side, where the body of Christ rested.
According to some sources, it is the oldest building of its kind in Bohemia. The chapel is a monument from Early Baroque.

HRDLÍV
The village of Hrdlív today used to write its name as Hrdlejov, Hrdlov, or Hrliw. These names strongly correspond to the Czech "hrdlo", i.e. "throat" in English. Local myth also says that there used to be a place of execution in a locality called "Šibenice", in the woods between Hrdlív and Smečno, where the convicted criminals´ throats were cut. However, Dr. Rudolf Koller, a historian, refuses this connection with the right of capital punishment in Smečno. The name of the village has probably been derived from a male name Hrdlej or Hrlej. The oldest written remark about the village dates back to the 28th June 1316, mentioning a ruler named Michal of Hyrlew. Since the 15th century, Hrdlív mostly belonged to the Smečno dominion, i.e. to the family of Martinic, or eventually the Clam-Martinic. The current emblem of the village also stems from the symbols of this family. From the time when the Slaný district office was established in the 19th century, Hrdlív belonged to the neighbouring village of Třebichovice until 1906. A precious and interesting yellow eglantine used to grow in Hrdlív. It was discovered in the village in the 1850s by Dr. Rudolf Koller, a historian. The presence of this scarce rose has also projected itself into the current village emblem. The village recently succeeded in getting this scarce rose back. In 2006, it was planted in the village again on the occasion of celebrating 100 years of independence, and 690 years of the history of the village. In December, a traditional competition for the best sauerkraut from Hrdlív takes place here.

TŘEBICHOVICE
The village of Třebichovice is located at the foot of the hill named Vinařická hora. The first written remark about the village dates back to 1324. There is a dominant smoke-stack here, marking the place where Schmidt´s circle brick plant used to be, modern in its time. It was established after World War I, in a place where the original five local handmade brick plants used to be. The bricks were still made here in 1979. Today, the abandoned brick plant has almost been taken to pieces. There also used to be a stone quarry with a gravel-pit in Třebichovice, where basalt from the Vinařická hora nearby was broken and processed. It ended its operation in the second half of the 20th century.
On the way from Třebichovice to Slaný, we will take the first quick right turn above the village, onto the road leading to Saky. After approximately three hundred meters, there is a mill on the right hand side, named Paninský mlýn. Directly opposite the road leading to the mill, there used to be a columnar Calvary in a dense growth of air-raid plants. An old myth is connected with this mill – "About Paninský mlýn".

SAKY
The first written remark about the village dates back to 1382. There is a square Baroque chapel with a belfry in the village, dating back to the first half of the 19th century.
From Saky, we will continue through Pchery, Jemníky, to Netovice.

NETOVICE
Ancient settlement of the existing village land register and its surroundings is documented by archaeological findings dating back to the end of the 19th century. The first written remarks about the village date back to the mid 11th century. On the way from Netovice to Slaný, there is an interesting sand-stone rock at the turn leading to the gardens. It is allegedly a conciliation stone, without any decorations or inscriptions.

On a plane between Slaný and Netovice, we can look over the Slaný airport with a memorial dedicated to killed American pilots. On the 2nd March, 1945, there were 1232 bombardiers from the 8th USAAF air army taking the air, accompanied by 774 supporting fighter planes. They were heading for Germany, where they were going to destroy several fuel plants. About 200 German planes from the 9th Fliegerkorps flew to defy them. The air fight took place above Saxony, and several battles also took place above Bohemia. On the premises of the Slaný Aeroclub Airport, on Saturday, the 28th September 1996, a memorial was ceremoniously dedicated to 8 killed American pilots shot down above Slaný on the 2nd March 1945 in a Boeing B-17G Flying Fortress bombardier. Out of the entire crew, only one survived.

SLANÝ
Arriving to the town, we walk past the speedway stadium on the right hand side – The MOTO Club Slaný was established on the 1st December 1922. The idea of creating a speedway stadium in Slaný originated in the years 1948- 1949. The history of speedway races in Slaný began on the 13th August 1950. Speedway was, and still is, the most prominent sport in town. The officials in Slaný have always been progressive, which can be documented by the fact that in 1954, the electric lights were installed here, and on the 26th May of the same year, the first Czechoslovak race took place here under the electric lights. The work on the construction stand began in 1984, and ended in 1988. Behind the rail crossing on the right, we can see the building of the old slaughter-house.

Palaba
Famous "battery" in Slaný was one of the youngest in comparison with other industrial plants in town, but due to its rapid start, it was comparable to the Baťa plants in Zlín. The founder of the plant, Jaroslav J. Pála, put the modern industrial plant into operation in the beginning of October 1925. Production increase surpassed the former expectations. The following year, it was already necessary to further extend the plant, which was from then on called PALABA Slaný, and employed up to 800 employees. After the nationalization in 1946, the plant was renamed to Bateria.
We will walk past the blocks of houses, down to Pražské předměstí, where our walk ends.

The overall length of the track is 19.5 km. It is suitable for tourists, also on bicycles. The path includes roads of the 2nd and 3rd class.
Slaný – Hrdlív 5 km
Hrdlív – Třebichovice 2 km
Třebichovice – Saky 2 km
Saky – Netovice 7 km
Netovice – Slaný 3,5 km

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